Yin Cajin Ƙwarewar Masana'antu Mai Fashewa: Manufa, Fasaha da Tukin Kasuwa Sabbin Dama

Matsayin Masana'antu: Ingantawa a Sikeli da Tsarin

Bisa kididdigar baya-bayan nan daga kungiyar samar da wutar lantarki ta kasar Sin wato China Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure Promotion Alliance (EVCIPA), ya zuwa karshen shekarar 2023, adadin yawan cajin da ake yi a kasar Sin ya zarce.miliyan 9, tare da cajin jama'a yana lissafin kusan kashi 35% kuma masu cajin caji masu zaman kansu sun kai 65%. Adadin sabbin tulin cajin da aka shigar a cikin 2023 ya karu da fiye da kashi 65% a duk shekara, yana nuna ci gaban masana'antar.

A yanayin kasa, aikin cajin kayayyakin more rayuwa a hankali ya karu daga biranen matakin farko kamar Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, da Shenzhen zuwa birane na biyu da na uku har ma da kasuwannin gundumomi. Lardunan da aka ci gaba kamar su Guangdong, Jiangsu, da Zhejiang ne ke jagorantar al'ummar kasar wajen daukar kwararan matakai, yayin da yankuna na tsakiya da na yamma suma suna kara kaimi. Bugu da ƙari, adadin tarin tulin cajin gaggawa ya ƙaru sosai, tare da tarin caji mai ƙarfi (120kW da sama) yana ƙaruwa daga 20% a cikin 2021 zuwa 45% a cikin 2023, yadda ya kamata ya rage yawan damuwa na masu amfani.

Taimakon Manufofin: Ƙirar Babban-Mataki Yana Haɓakar Ci gaban Masana'antu

Haɓaka saurin bunƙasa masana'antar caji yana samun goyan bayan manufofin ƙasa. A cikin 2023, Babban Ofishin Majalisar Jiha ya ba da sanarwarSharuɗɗa kan Ƙarfafa Gina Tsarin Kayan Aiki na Cajin Ƙarfi, kafa bayyananniyar manufa ta cimma arabon abin hawa zuwa tara na 2:1 zuwa 2025da kuma tabbatar da cikakken ɗaukar nauyin wuraren caji a wuraren sabis na babbar hanya.

Kananan hukumomin sun kuma mayar da martani da himma tare da matakan tallafi:

• Beijingyana ba da tallafin kusan kashi 30% don gina ababen more rayuwa na cajin jama'a kuma yana ƙarfafa kamfanoni da cibiyoyi don raba tarin cajin su na cikin gida.
• Lardin Guangdongna shirin girka sabbin tulin caji sama da miliyan 1 a cikin shirin shekaru biyar na 14, tare da mai da hankali kan inganta hanyoyin caji na birane da karkara.
• Lardin Sichuanta kaddamar da wani shiri na "Charge Piles to the Country" don inganta cajin kayayyakin more rayuwa a yankunan karkara. Bugu da kari, hukumar raya kasa da sake fasalin kasa ta hada cajin tudu a cikin jerin muhimman ayyukan "sababbin ababen more rayuwa", tare da zuba jarin masana'antu gaba daya.Yuan biliyan 120nan da shekaru uku masu zuwa, tare da ingiza karfi a fannin.
  

  Ƙirƙirar Fasaha: Hanyoyin Waya da Koren Magani Suna Jagoranci Gaba

  1. Nasarorin da aka samu a Fasahar Caji Mai Sauri
     Manyan kamfanoni irin su CATL da Huawei sun gabatar da su600kW ruwa mai sanyaya ultra-sauri caje tara, yana ba da damar cajin minti 5 na tsawon kilomita 300. An kuma baza tashoshin caji na V4 na Tesla a cikin biranen kasar Sin da dama, lamarin da ya kara inganta karfin caji.
  2. Haɗaɗɗen Samfuran Ajiye-Ajiye-Rana
     Kamfanoni kamar BYD da Teld suna binciken hanyoyin cajin kore waɗanda ke haɗa hasken rana, ajiyar makamashi, da caji, suna rage yawan hayaƙin carbon. Misali, tashar zanga-zanga a Shenzhen na iya rage yawan iskar Carbon da ake fitarwa a kowace shekara da tan 150.
  3. Smart Charging da Fasahar V2G
     Tsarin sarrafa kayan caji mai ƙarfi na AI yana haɓaka ƙarfin caji don hana wuce gona da iri. Masu kera motoci irin su NIO da Xpeng sun bullo da fasahar Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G), suna ba EVs damar ba da wutar lantarki a cikin grid a lokacin da ba a kai ga kololuwa ba, inganta ingantaccen makamashi.

     Kalubalen Masana'antu: Riba da Matsalolin Daidaitawa

     Duk da kyakkyawan fata, masana'antar cajin har yanzu tana fuskantar ƙalubale da yawa:

     1. Matsalolin Riba: Sai dai ga yanayin da ake amfani da shi sosai, yawancin tarin cajin jama'a suna fama da ƙarancin amfani, yana barin masu aiki suna fafitikar samun riba.
     2. Rashin Daidaitawa: Hanyoyin caji mara daidaituwa, ka'idojin sadarwa, da tsarin biyan kuɗi suna haifar da rarrabuwar ƙwarewar mai amfani.
     3. Matsin Grid: Mahimmancin amfani da tulin caji mai ƙarfi na iya ɓata grid ɗin wutar lantarki na gida, buƙatar haɓakawa zuwa kayan aikin lantarki.

     Don magance waɗannan batutuwa, ƙwararrun masana'antu sun ba da shawarar ɗauka"haɗin kai gini da aiki" model, ingantattun hanyoyin farashi, da fasahar injin sarrafa wutar lantarki don inganta ingantaccen aiki da haɓaka ƙwarewar mai amfani.

     Hankali na gaba: Haɗin Duniya da Ci gaban Muhalli

     Kamfanonin caji na kasar Sin suna hanzarta fadada su a duniya. A cikin 2023, kamfanoni irin su Star Charge da Wanbang New Energy sun ga odar kasashen waje a Turai da kudu maso gabashin Asiya suna karuwa da sama da 150% a shekara. A halin da ake ciki, ayyukan cibiyar sadarwa na caji mai sauri na Huawei Digital Power a yankin Gabas ta Tsakiya na nuna karuwar tasirin fasahar Sinawa a duniya.

     A cikin gida, masana'antar taɗi na caji tana haɓaka daga wurin samar da makamashi mai sauƙi zuwa wani mahimmin kumburi a cikin yanayin yanayin makamashi mai wayo. Tare da balaga na fasaha kamar V2G da makamashin da aka rarraba, cajin tari zai zama maɓalli na grids masu wayo na gaba.