Wadanne Irin Batirin Motar Lantarki Ne Akwai?

Batirin motar lantarki shine mafi tsada a cikin motar lantarki.

Farashinsa mai tsada yana nufin cewa motocin lantarki sun fi tsada fiye da sauran nau'ikan mai, wanda hakan ke rage yawan amfani da na'urar EV.

Lithium-ion
Batirin lithium-ion sune mafi shahara. Ba tare da yin cikakken bayani ba, suna fitarwa da kuma sake caji yayin da electrolyte ke ɗauke da ions na lithium masu caji mai kyau daga anode zuwa cathode, da kuma akasin haka. Duk da haka, kayan da ake amfani da su a cikin cathode na iya bambanta tsakanin batirin lithium-ion.

LFP, NMC, da NCA ƙananan sinadarai ne guda uku daban-daban na batirin Lithium-ion. LFP yana amfani da Lithium-phosphate a matsayin kayan cathode; NMC yana amfani da Lithium, Manganese, da Cobalt; kuma NCA yana amfani da Nickel, Cobalt da Aluminum.

Fa'idodin batirin lithium-ion:
● Ya fi rahusa a samar da batirin NMC da NCA.
● Tsawon rai - yana samar da cikakken zagayowar caji/saki 2,500-3,000 idan aka kwatanta da 1,000 na batirin NMC.
● Ƙara yawan zafi yayin caji don haka zai iya ɗaukar ƙarin ƙarfin lantarki na tsawon lokaci a cikin lanƙwasa caji, wanda ke haifar da caji cikin sauri ba tare da lalacewar baturi ba.
● Ana iya caji zuwa 100% ba tare da lalacewar baturi ba saboda yana taimakawa wajen daidaita batirin da kuma samar da kimantawa mafi daidaito - Ana ba da shawara ga masu samfurin 3 masu batirin LFP su kiyaye iyakar caji zuwa 100%.

A bara, Tesla ta bai wa abokan cinikinta na Model 3 a Amurka zaɓi tsakanin batirin NCA ko LFP. Batirin NCA ya fi sauƙi kilogiram 117 kuma yana da nisan mil 10 fiye da shi, amma yana da tsawon lokacin da zai iya ɗauka. Duk da haka, Tesla ta kuma ba da shawarar cewa a yi cajin nau'in batirin NCA zuwa kashi 90% kawai na ƙarfinsa. A wata ma'anar, idan kuna shirin amfani da cikakken kewayon akai-akai, LFP na iya zama mafi kyawun zaɓi.

Haɗakar ƙarfe ta nickel
Batirin hydride na nickel-metal (wanda aka takaita zuwa NiMH) su ne kawai madadin gaske ga batirin lithium-ion da ke kasuwa a yanzu, kodayake galibi ana samun su a cikin motocin lantarki masu haɗaka (galibi Toyota) sabanin motocin lantarki masu tsabta.

Babban dalilin hakan shi ne yawan kuzarin batirin NiMH ya yi ƙasa da kashi 40% idan aka kwatanta da batirin lithium-ion.